winchell



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. F. WINOHELL. GRINDING AND ORU SHING MILL.

Patented Aug gzl==== E52: 2%

WITNESSES N. PETERS, Phnm-um m nen Washington. at;

(No Model.)- 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. P. WINGHELL. GRINDING AND GRUSHING MILL.

No. 408,781. Patented Aug. 13, 1889 1 'WmmW/IWWWWM Jr W I 7/////////////////////////// WI TWESSES IJVT 'EJV TOR N. PETERS, Pholo-Lkhographar. Wuhinglofl. 0. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT CFFICE. r

JAMES F. VVINCHELL, OF SPRINGFIELD, Ol-IIO, .ASSIGNOR TO THE FOOS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

GRINDING AND CRUSHING MILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 408,781, dated August 13, 1889.

Application filed September 17, 1887- Serlal No. 249,951. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES F. IVINCHELL, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful 1mprovements in Grinding and Crushing Mills, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to .the accompanyin g drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in crushing and grinding mills, and is designed as an improvement upon the crushing and grinding mill upon which I filed application for Letters Patent on the 11th day of August, 1887, Serial No. 246,685.

The present objects which I have in view are, first, that of increasing and decreasing the space through which the materialparticularly corn cobs and other large substances-passes between the feeding-crushers to a greater extent by a given movement of the cut-off, which is in the hopper above them, than is the case by a like movement of the cut-off in the application above alluded to,

descend freely, they will yet not descend in too large a quantity for the capacity of the other mechanism of the mill at the speeds at which it is convenient to drive it, this being accomplished by having an opening through the cut-off proper and a supplemental cut-off to control the size of this opening when the cut-01f proper is in closed position, both of which objects will be hereinafter more fully explained, as also the mechanism by which they are accomplished.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and on which like reference-letters indicate corresponding parts, Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional View of the mill, showing some of the parts in side elevation; Fig. 2, an enlarged plan view of the hopper,-the cut-offs, the feeding-crushers, the agitator, and the operating-gears Fig. 3, a plan view of the cut-off proper and the supplemental cut-off; Fig. 4, a similar View to Fig.

2 with the cutoffs removed and one of the intergearing pinions dispensed with Fig. 5, a transverse sectional view of the cut-offs on the line 00 met Fig. 3; Fig. 6, a like view of the cut-off proper on the line y y of Fig. 3 and an end View of the supplemental cut-off; Fig. 7, an end View of the cutoff, and Fig. 8 a modification of the feeding-crushers in plan.

The letter A designates a mill constructed substantially in accordance with the machine illustrated in Letters Patent granted to me March. 15, 1887, No. 359,588, for crushing and grinding mills. On the main shaft B of the mill and within the chamber C is a crushingconveyer D, which may be of the form shown that is to say; may consist of a cylindrical body with crushing and conveying lugs formed thereon, or may be of the character shown and described in said Letters Patent, and which acts upon the material in the manner and for the purposes set forth in said patent, with this differencenamely, that when constructed with lugs, substantially as shown, it will convey the material to the grinding mechanism irrespective of the direction in which it is rotated. l The letter F designates that portion of the mill-casing which stands above the chamber C and upon which the hopper G rests. Mounted at a convenient point above the crushingconveyeras, for instance, in the lower part of the hopper Gare two feeding-crushers II and I, having each a number of protuberances J, which act to draw the material be tween the crushers and crush and partially reduce the material as it is fed to the crushing-conveyer below.

The arrangement of the protuberances J upon the feeding-crushers may be left to the choice of the manufacturer or to the exigencies incident to the particular material designed to be acted upon, but may be arranged as hereinafter explained. These feedingcrushers are of tapering for1nthat is to say, the space between their peripheries at one end is less than the space at the other end, and the end where the space is least is preferably that which is over, or from which the material descends to, the end of the feedingcrusher farthest from the grinding mechanism, whereby the material, when passing be tween the feeding-crushers at said end, (the end mostly used,) is afterward acted upon by the whole or a greater part of the length of the erushingconveyer, which latter act-ion, while not necessary, is yet an advantage. The degree of the taper of the feeding-crushers may vary; yet that shown is the preferred degree of divergence between them.

The letter K refers to the cut-off proper, which is mounted in the hopper in substantially the same manner as the cut-off in the application already referred to, and, like that cut-oil, preferably consists of a plate of castiron, and is held in any adjusted position by the same or any suitable fastening device, as at L. In the present case, however, this cut-off is preferably located between the feeding-crushers and the agitator presently to be referred to, so that it may be placed against the wall of the hopper under the agitator and cut oil"; the passage of material to the feedingcrushcrs, except through the opening M in the cut-off. (See Fig. 3.) The supplemental cut-off N controls the size of this opening, which is used particularly for feeding small material, as cereals, to the lower mechanism. It is in feeding such material that the agitator is particularly used, though it may be used when larger material, as corn-cobs, is being fed. I have found in actual practice that if the cut-off proper, which extends across the entire hopper, is drawn out sufficiently to form an opening between its inner end and the opposite wall of the hopper large enough for the free descent of the small material, as cereals, the amount of such material which will pass through such an opening will be in excess of the capacity of the remaining in echanism of the mill to grind, &c., at the speeds at which such mechanism is ordinarily operated. On the other hand, I have found that if said opening be small enough to admit the proper supply it is so small that such mate rial will not readily feed with regularity. Vith the opening as at M, it is so proportioned that when there is width enough between the end of the supplemental cut-off and the wall of the hopper for the material to feed properly, there is still not length enough in the opening to allow too much material to pass through. These things I have ascertained in the practical use of the mill. I prefer to place the supplemental cut-oil": at an angle, as shown, so as to run clear of the fastening device L, and I also prefer to rabbet the upper surface of the cut-off proper to receive the supplemental, cut-off, as shown in Fig. 5. Along the under edges of the openin g M the cut-off K is also rabbcted and the cut-off N provided with the plate 0, which fits in the said rabbet and prevents the cut-off N from working upward. A slot and set-screw P form a convenient means to hold the cut off N in any adjusted position.

The letter Q refers to the rotating agitator, and the letter R to its pinion. These are of the character also shown and described in said application.

I will now refer to the mechanism for actuating the fecding-crushers and the agitator. This maybe largely Varied; but that shown is preferred. It consists of the gear-wheel S, mounted on one of the feeding-crushers and meshing with a pinion T on the main shaft. This wheel is transferable from one crusher to the other, so as to operate them toward each other no matter in which direction the main shaft is rotating, the crushers themselves being intergeared by pinions U and V, the former being preferably somewhat larger than the latter, so as to mesh with the pinion R of the agitator. By these means it will be observed that the fecding-crushers are rotated with a certain relation with respect to the speed of the crushing-conveyer, whereby the material. is properly reduced by the feedingcrushers and said crushing-cmveycr before it reaches the grinding mechanism and is also properly fed thereto. In Fig. 4. I have ill ustrated one feeding-crusher without a pinion, and which therefore would. act principallyas a revoluble surface against which the other crusher would operate upon the material. The pinion and gear-wheel may be placed upon either of the crushers, according to choice or the direction the main shaft is rotated in. I have shown dotted lines in this figure to illustrate that the erushers may be parallel, if desired, in the instance in which one of them is inactive, while the other, by a suitable intermediate mechanism, is operatively connected with the crushing-eonveyer.

I have hereinbefore referred to arranging the protuberances J. This may be done as more clearly seen in Figs. .4. and S, in the latter of which the fecding-crushers are parallel. The protuberances of the respective erushers grow shorter and shorter from one end. (in Fig. 8 the end corresponding to the smaller end of the tapering crushers) to the other end. In Fig. 4. they are opposite each other, while in Fig. 8 they lap each other less and less for a distance and then terminate farther and farther from each other the remaining distanee. Either arrangement causes the feeding-crushers to draw less and less of the material between them at one end than at and toward the other end, because short protuberances do not engage as much material as longer ones.

The range of difference is greater in the instance of the tapering feeding-crushers than in those that are parallel, because in the former the protuberances are longer, as measured from the periphery of the roller portion of the crushers, than in the latter when similarly measured, and also, to some extent at least, because the space between the tapering form is greater as the protuberances grow longer than in the parallel form. The arran gement of the protuberances round or on the respective crushers may be either spiral or in parallel lines, or, indeed, may be irrcgular; but in any instance the crushers are so geared together as that the protuberances of one crusher properly coact, in view of the particular arrangement, with those of the other in the reduction and feeding of the material.

It will be noticed in Fig. 7 that the inner end of the cut-01f proper depends in two plates at a, the outer edges of which agree with the incline of the hopper and the inner edges agree with the sweep of the protuberance. The purpose of these plates is to prevent the material from getting between the under side of the cut-01f proper and the feeding-crushers.

As already observed, I do not confine myself to the means shown for transmitting motion from the main shaft to the feeding-crushers, as belts and pulleys, sprocket-wheels and drive-chains, or friction-pulleys, 850., may be used instead of the gear-wheel and pinion shown.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a mill, the combination, with that portion into which the material is fed, of intergearing tapering crushers mounted therein with their axes substantially parallel, whereby a gradually-increasin g space is formed between their bodies from one end to the other, projections extending from the crushers, and means to actuate the crushers.

2. In a mill, the combination, with that portion into which the material is fed and tapering crushers mounted therein with their axes substantially parallel, whereby a graduallyincreasing space is formed between them from end to end, projections extending from the crushers, and means to rotate the crushers, of an adjustable cut-off mounted above the crushers and approximately thereto and arranged to be moved back and forth over the said space.

3. In a mill, the following instrumentalities: a hopper and tapering crushers mounted therein with their axes substantially parallel, whereby the space between them widens from one end toward the other, projections extending from the crushers, and means to rotate the crushers, an adjustable cut-ofi mounted above the crushers in proximity thereto and arranged to be moved back and forth and over the said space, an opening in the cut-off, a supplemental cut-off to control the size of said opening, an agitator arranged to feed the material through the said opening, and means to actuate the agitator.

4. In a mill, the combination, with the hopper into which the material is fed, of two taperin g feeding-crushers mounted therein wit-l1 their axes parallel and having protuberances extending therefrom which grow shorter and shorter from one end toward the other, for the purpose set forth.

5. In a mill, the combination, with a cut-off proper having a feed-opening therein and a supplemental cutoff fitted thereto and arranged to open and close said feed-opening, of an agitator mounted above said cut-offs and arranged to feed the material to said opening. 

